REL 212 Week 3 Summer 2016

The presentation may contain content that is deemed objectionable to a particular viewer because of the view expressed or the conduct depicted. The views expressed are provided for learning purposes only, and do not necessarily express the views, or opinions, of Strayer University, your professor, or those participating in videos or other media.

We will have two ten-minute breaks: at 7:30 - 7:40; and, at 9:00 pm - 9:10 pm. I will take roll early, we have our Discussion at the appointed time, before you are dismissed at 10:15 pm.

• Read:
  • Chapter 5: Buddhism
• View the Other Preparation Materials
  
  
• View the lectures contained in the course shell
  
  
• Participate in the Discussion titled "Noble Action, Sacred Call, or Desire"
  
  
• Complete and submit the World View Chart Assignment

What's Buddhist about Socially Engaged Buddhism?

David R. Loy
 
http://www.zen-occidental.net/articles1/loy12-english.html

Hinduism

Buddhism

Daoism - Confucianism


Vocabulary:

Theos

Poly - many gods

Panentheistic - divine presence

Pantheist - Nature itself is divine

Non-theist - personal God is irrelevant

Deistic - Creator God but uninvolved with creation

Monotheistic - One Supreme God

Good & evil, yin and yang

Free will - ability to choose

Lecture 1

Join Strayer professor Dr. Meg Rinck as she discusses the second column of the World View Chart: What a religion states are the characteristics of their God/Ultimate Reality.

The Nature of God

https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/REL/212/1152/Week%203/Lecture%201/lecture.html

Lecture 2

Old, sick, dead

4 Laws of Buddhism

Eight-fold path

Please watch this video describing the history of the Buddha.

https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/REL/212/1152/Week%203/Lecture%202/lecture.html

Buddhism, Week 3



https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/arts-humanities-partners/asian-art-museum/aam-buddhism-topic



Group Activities

A. Keep in mind your definition of religion.

Review Activities for Week 3

B. "Why are people religious?”

C. What examples can you find of the music you listen to that reflects various perceptions of the sacred, or ultimacy. I can play a few examples and discuss how they reflect religion. You may also bring a few of your favorite songs that are not so obviously religious, but which raise religious issues.

D. "Beyond the Sound Bites:"

Bring to class at least one article from a recent newspaper, magazine, or Internet story that reflects the roles of religion in modern society. A few students may present their articles to the class. The task will also serve as the basis for a preliminary discussion of the coverage of religion by the popular media.

Seattle mayor offers plan to help followers of Sharia law buy houses http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/blog/2015/07/seattle-mayor-offers-plan-to-help-followers-of.html

New Ties Emerge Between Clinton And Mysterious Islamic Cleric http://dailycaller.com/2016/07/13/new-ties-emerge-between-clinton-and-mysterious-islamic-cleric/#ixzz4EtNnViQW
Erdogan, Turkey
Fethullah Gulen

1857 Mt. Eaton Road, Saylorsburg, PA

Hospital Refuses to Release Medical Records of Five-Year-Old Idaho Victim Raped By Muslim Migrants http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2016/07/16/exclusive-hospital-refuses-to-release-medical-records-of-five-year-old-idaho-victim-raped-by-muslim-migrants/

28 Pages: Saudis Killed Americans on 9/11 https://www.scribd.com/document/318410207/28-pages#from_embed

Baton Rouge Shooter


p. 18
Absolutist and liberal responses to modernity

Is religion violent, or, at least, conflict-ridden?

Why do some people resist "the Other," or reject those of another faith?



Those who resist contemporary influences and affirm what they perceive as the historical core of their religion could be called absolutists. . . . They may encourage antipathy or even violence against people of other religious traditions (p. 18)."

Key Terms

Absolutist	Immanent	Redaction
Agnosticism	Incarnation	Religion
Allegory	Intelligent design	Ritual
Atheism	Liberal	Sacred
Awakening	Metaphysics	Scientific materialism
Charisma	Monotheism	Secularism
Comparative religion	Mysticism	Spirituality
Creationism	Myth	Symbol
Dogma	Orthodox	Theism
Enlightenment	Phenomenology	Transcendent
Exclusivism	Polytheism	Universalism
Fundamentalism	Profane
Gnosis	Realization

Bodh Gaya: center of the Buddhist world, 3:00

https://youtu.be/qk-9Ez3xICY

Read: Chapter 5: Buddha

https://www.librarything.com/catalog/gmicksmith&collection=-1&deepsearch=Buddha

Buddhism

https://www.librarything.com/catalog/gmicksmith&collection=-1&deepsearch=Buddhism
Buddha/Buddhism References:

The Teachings of the Compassionate Buddha by E. A. Burtt, NAL Trade (2000).

Buddha and the Gospel of Buddhism by Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, Harper Torchbooks (1964).

Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse, Other authors: Hilda Rosner (Translator), New Directions Publishing Corporation (1951).

Buddhism: Its Essence & Development by Edward Conze, Harper (1975).
For Theravada:

Buddhism in Translations by Henry Clarke Warren, Atheneum Publishers (1970).

4. The Birth of the Buddha, pp. 46-47

Here is the story of how the Buddha, at birth, announced himself.

13. Questions Which Tend Not for Edification, pp. 120-121

This relates how the Buddha answered questions when he did not always provide the answers.

For Mahayana:

https://www.librarything.com/catalog/gmicksmith&collection=-1&deepsearch=Mahayana
Selected Writings of Nichiren by Philip Yampolsky, Columbia University Press (1990).

The Lotus Sutra in Japanese Culture by George Joji Tanabe, Other authors: Willa Jane Tanabe, University of Hawaii Press (1989).

The Platform Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch by Hui-neng, Other authors: Philip Yampolsky (Translator), Columbia University Press (1978).

And, obviously, for Nagarjuna (below).

Nagarjuna: The Philosophy of the Middle Way (SUNY Series in Buddhist Studies) by David J. Kalupahana, State Univ of New York Pr (1986).

Zen Buddhism by Daisetz T. Suzuki, Other authors: William Barrett, Three Leaves (1996).

Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma: The Lotus Sutra (Records of Civilization: Sources and Studies) by Leon Hurvitz, Columbia University Press (1976).

Buddhist Religions: A Historical Introduction (Religious Life in History) by Richard H. Robinson, Other authors: Willard L. Johnson, Thanissaro Bhikkhu, Wadsworth Publishing (2004).

Dhammapada by P. Lal, Farrar Straus Giroux (1967).

Zen Flesh Zen Bones: A Collection of Zen and Pre-zen Writings by Paul Reps, Other authors: Nyogen Senzaki, Tuttle Publishing (1998).

p. 18, #14

Muddy Road

This is an interesting tale about monks and females and how to treat them.

The Buddhist Tradition: In India, China and Japan by William Theodore De Bary, Vintage (1972).
Buddhist Texts Through the Ages (Oneworld Classics in Religious Studies) by Edward Conze, Oneworld Publications (1995).

Nagarjuna:

Nagarjuna: The Philosophy of the Middle Way (SUNY Series in Buddhist Studies) by David J. Kalupahana, State Univ of New York Pr (1986).

Buddhism FisherBriefPPT_Ch5_JAT.ppt

Key Terms in Buddhism:

---

anatman:  the state of non-soulness that, according to the Buddha, was the natural state of humanity

arhat:  state of sainthood in Buddhism

Dalai Lama:  Leader of Tibetan Buddhism and, until 1950, the spiritual and political ruler of Tibet

koan:  literally means, "case study"; a riddle, tale, or short statement used by Zen masters to bring students to sudden insight

Mahayana:  literally means, "the expansive way," or "the big raft"; the largest branch of Buddhism

Nirvana:  literally means, "blowing out," or "extinguish"; cessation of human individuality and suffering

Pure Land Buddhism:  version of Mahayana Buddhism popular in Japan; it teaches that its devotees can achieve a paradise, called the 'Pure Land of the West,' after their deaths

Sangha:  Buddhist monastic order

tanha:  desire, thirst, or craving; a concept identified by Buddha as that which causes suffering

Theravada:  literally means, "the tradition of the elders"; the smaller branch of Buddhism

Zen Buddhism:  Form of Mahayana Buddhism that teaches that the real truth about life comes from intuitive flashes of insight

Buddhism Overview

Brief History, Contemporary Situation, Geographical History, Basic Tenets & Practices, and Sacred Texts.

Yes

Buddhism A Separate Peace: Basic Principles

1:11

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/BasicPrinciples_MyLab.html

Yes

Bodhi Tree, :47

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/BodhiTree_MyLab.html

Lord Buddha Stories - The Life of Buddha - Beginning of the Journey - Animated Stories for Kids, 6:45
Buddha stories, stories for children, the life of buddha, kids stories, stories for kids, short stories for kids, animation cartoon, moral stories,animation stories, animated cartoon stories, bedtime stories..

Lord Buddha Stories - Beginning of Journey -
The calm and compassionate face of the Buddha is known all over the world. Buddha was a spiritual teacher of ancient India whose ideas on freeing mankind from sorrow and suffering form the basis of Buddhism. Buddha was born in the sixth century BC., into a royal family. Known as Siddhartha, he realized that human life was short and full of sadness. He found out a path to Enlightenment and spiritual fulfillment. He was then known as the Buddha,which means "Enlightened One". For the rest of his life, the Buddha travelled great distances teaching people about the "MIDDLE PATH", the way to end to suffering. He taught the four Noble Truths of suffering, cause of suffering, end of suffering, and the Path to do that. Buddhism offers hope and access to spiritual understanding and satisfaction to everybody. Throughout the world today, people still follow the teaching of the Buddha.
Siddhartha encounters four unexpected sights which make him think of a way out of the sorrowful world.

Subscribe to the KidsAnimations Youtube Channel -
https://www.youtube.com/user/kidsanim...

Click here to Watch our other Lord Buddha Stories Stories -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SpJS6...

Become a KidsAnimations Fan on Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/superaudioma...

Playlists
Tales of Ganesha -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hJvD...

Hitopadesha Tales -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=10dFG...

Akbar and Birbal Stories -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RRgT...

GIVE YOUR KIDS A BEST START IN LIFE.. THANKS FOR WATCHING
FOR ONLINE PURCHASE VISIT US AT
http://www.musicandchants.com/

Connect with us:

google+: https://plus.google.com/1110598335080...
facebook: https://www.facebook.com/superaudioma...
twitter: https://twitter.com/musicandchants

http://youtu.be/uR8uK2iWSHE



Masterpiece: The Buddha Triumphing over Mara
 
The main figure in this stone sculpture from the 900s shows many characteristic features of images of the Buddha. Here we see elements that tell us we're in the presence of the Buddha as he was on the threshold of achieving enlightenment. Above his head are branches of heart-shaped leaves. They indicate the sacred bodhi tree, under which he is said to have attained enlightenment some 2,500 years ago, 3:05

https://youtu.be/lA8pSpp-FS4



View the Other Preparation Materials

View the lectures contained in the course shell

Participate in the Discussion titled "Noble Action, Sacred Call, or Desire"

Complete and submit the World View Chart Assignment



Standing Buddha statue at the Tokyo National Museum. One of the earliest known representations of the Buddha, 1st–2nd century CE.

Yes
Buddhism A Separate Peace: Beginnings of Buddhism, :34

Brief introduction to the origin of Buddhism and its expansion into many countries.

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/BeginningsofBuddhism_MyLab.html




A short documentary on the stupa, a hemispherical mound that represents the burial mound of the Buddha, 4:29

https://youtu.be/NJsLHcL3Bvs




Yes
 Theravada, :56

Tamil Muslims (Tamil: தமிழ் முஸ்லிம்கள், tamiḻ muslimgal) are Tamil-speaking people with Islam as their faith. There are about 3 to 4 million Tamil Muslims in India mostly in Tamil Nadu state and also in neighbouring Kerala. A significant Tamil-speaking Muslim population numbering 1.8 million or more live in the Northern, Eastern provinces and Colombo in Sri Lanka and many other pockets across central, southwest provinces; however they are listed as a separate ethnic group in official statistics. There are around 500,000 in Malaysia and 20,000 in Singapore. Tamil Muslims are largely urban traders rather than farmers. There is a substantial diaspora of Tamil Muslims, particularly in South East Asia, which has seen their presence as early as the 13th century. In the late 20th century, the diaspora expanded to the North America and Western Europe. They are called Cholias in Myanmar, Mamak in Malaysia and Rathas in South Africa.

The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (Tamil: தமிழீழ விடுதலைப் புலிகள், Sinhala: දෙමළ ඊළාම් විමුක්ති කොටි Tamiḻīḻa viṭutalaip pulikaḷ, commonly known as the LTTE or the Tamil Tigers) is a now defunct organisation that was based in northern Sri Lanka. Founded in May 1976 by Velupillai Prabhakaran, it waged a secessionist nationalist campaign to create an independent state in the north and east of Sri Lanka for Tamil people. This campaign evolved into the Sri Lankan Civil War, which ran from 1983 until 2009, when the LTTE was decisively defeated by the Sri Lankan Military under the leadership of President Mahinda Rajapaksa.


At the height of its power, the LTTE possessed a well-developed militia and carried out many high-profile attacks, including the assassinations of several high-ranking Sri Lankan and Indian politicians. The LTTE was the only militant group to assassinate two world leaders: former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1991 and Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa in 1993.

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/Theraveda_MyLab.html





Korean Buddhist art
This video documents the creation of a Buddhist painting by the monk artist, Seol-min (formerly known as Jae-u), who has dedicated her life to keeping the tradition of Buddhist painting alive. Learn more about Korean Buddhism on education.asianart.org. 5:31
https://youtu.be/thvh5PdR6yM
Zen Mystical Spirit of the East: Thich Nhat Hahn, 1:09

Zen master Thich Nhat Hanh identifies the goal of mindfulness practice--to be present in the here and now--and the video depicts a scene of meditation at Plum Village monastery in France.

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/ThichNhatHahn_MyLab.html


An introduction to Zen, a form of Buddhism that emphasizes seeking one's own Buddha nature through meditation. Learn more about Buddhism in Japan on the education.asianart.org. 3:21
https://youtu.be/_WAi2fwUqN4
Mystical Spirit of the East: Dalai Lama, :31

The Dalai Lama states his conviction that all world religions have the same potential to transform humanity for the better

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/DalaiLama_MyLab.html

Recommended Readings

Buddhism

https://www.librarything.com/catalog/gmicksmith&collection=-1&deepsearch=Buddhism
Hagen, Steve, Buddhism is Not What You Think. While there are many texts that introduce the basic beliefs and concepts of Buddhism, this reading takes the opposite tack: correcting common misunderstandings and misperceptions of the faith.

Hanh, Thich Nhat, The Heart of the Buddha’s Teaching. Thich Nhat Hanh is one of the most recognized Buddhists in the world, and is widely commended for his ability to apply Buddhist principles to the modern world.

Payutto, Prayudh A., Buddhist Economics. Payutto presents a Buddhist perspective on economics.
Smith, Huston and Novak, Phillip, Buddhism. This reading introduces Vipassana, or Theravadin meditation, and provides a good introduction to one of the unique aspects of Theravada Buddhism.

Activities

 

1. Think about the role that desire plays in your everyday actions and long-­term life goals. Then, try to imagine what it would be like to live a life in which one did not make decisions and act on the basis of desires.

 

2. Spend 10 minutes in class trying a simple meditation exercise. You will sit quietly and simply try to identify everything that goes on in your mind. Then, we will find whether you found you had control over your thoughts, and what it would take to be able to control the mind.

After we have meditated as a class, we will see a display of the Buddhist control of the mind which actually ties into the American involvement in Vietnam.

Buddhist Monk - self immolation, 5:18

http://youtu.be/E37cMtCrKoA

June 11, 1963, Thich Quang Duc, a Buddhist monk from Vietnam, burned himself to death at a busy intersection in downtown Saigon to bring attention to the repressive policies of the Diem regime that controlled the South Vietnamese government at the time. Buddhist monks asked the regime to lift its ban on flying the traditional Buddhist flag, to grant Buddhism the same rights as Catholicism, to stop detaining Buddhists and to give Buddhist monks and nuns the right to practice and spread their religion.
As he burned he never moved a muscle, never uttered a sound.



Buddhism is a nontheistic religion that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, who is commonly known as the Buddha, meaning "the awakened one". According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He is recognized by Buddhists as an awakened or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving by way of understanding and the seeing of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths, with the ultimate goal of attainment of the sublime state of Nirvana, by practicing the Noble Eightfold Path (also known as the Middle Way).


Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle"). Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia (Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar etc.). Mahayana is found throughout East Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, Singapore, Taiwan etc.) and includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai). In some classifications, Vajrayana—practiced mainly in Tibet and Mongolia, and adjacent parts of China and Russia—is recognized as a third branch, with a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, while others classify it as a part of Mahayana.

Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. One consistent belief held by all Buddhist schools is the lack of a Creator deity. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices may include following ethical precepts; support of the monastic community; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas.

Small Group Exercise (hand-out)


Origin of All Things
THE CREATION STORY OF HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM, 1:06

http://youtu.be/8sm07vbY1OA



Nature of God

How does the concept of God figures in Buddhism">How does the concept of God figure in Buddhism? 3:43

Some people say Buddhism is an atheistic religion. Is it true? This clip attempts to discuss this topic on the concept of God in Buddhism. Ven. Dr. H. Gunaratana and Ven. Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda gives concise but accurate explanation into this contentious issue. This video production attempts to discuss various questions that Buddhists and non-Buddhists ask about the Teachings of the Enlightened One and how to practise these teachings in the modern world. Although Buddhism is the religion of nearly one fifth of the world's population, there are many misunderstandings about its Doctrine and Practice. The most Venerable Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda Nayaka Maha Thera together with Ven. Dr, H. Gunaratana, Ven. K. Wimalajothi and Ven. Wimala answered various questions put to them by a panel of well-known Buddhist leaders.


http://youtu.be/_Iu4OLl82kQ



View of Human Nature

Nepal: Buddhism, Humanity and God -- English trailer, 2:21

This documentary depicts the complex relationship among Buddhism, human beings and God. It is produced by faculty members and students in the Department of Media and Communication, City University of Hong Kong.

What does man and God seek?

http://youtu.be/JAg0uUsW9io




View of Good and Evil

Buddhism and the difference between good and evil, 6:55

I follow a kind of Buddhism called "Pure Land", in Japanese 浄土真宗, and we say that everybody is looking for Happiness, nobody wants to suffer. The question is: what is happiness? Where does suffering come from? What should we do to achieve Happiness? What should we not do to avoid suffering?
There is a clear distinction between happiness and suffering, between good and evil, they are not the same thing.

According to Pure Land Buddhism, the very first thing Buddha Siddharta said soon after achieving Enlightenment was 人生は苦なり, "Life is suffering", all people in this world are suffering.

There are 8 kinds of suffering, called 四苦八苦
生苦 suffering of living
病苦 suffering of disease
老苦 suffering of getting old
死苦 suffering of dying
愛別離苦 suffering of losing loved ones
怨憎会苦 suffering of meeting unpleasant ones
求不得苦 suffering of not obtaining things
五陰盛苦 suffering of having a physical body

What should we do to achieve Happiness and avoid suffering?
According to Buddhism we must follow the Principle of Cause and Effect.
The Principle of Cause and Effect says 善因善果, 善因 meaning good cause, 善果 meaning good results. If we do good actions we will receive good results. If we do good actions we will receive Happiness. It also says 悪因悪果, 悪因 meaning bad cause, 悪果 meaning bad results. If we do evil actions we will receive evil results. If we do evil actions we will receive suffering.

What is a good action and what is an evil action?
A good action is unselfish. Its purpose is to make other people happy, to bring Happiness to other people, to give Happiness to other people.
In Japanese this is called 自利利他(jiririta).
An evil action is selfish. Its purpose is to make oneself happy. In Japanese it is called 我利我利亡者(garigari moja).

That is also the difference between Buddhas and humans.

Buddhas, like anyone else, also want Happiness, they don't want to suffer.

According to the Principle of Cause and Effect ,the only way to receive Happiness, is by giving Happiness. If you give Happiness you will receive Happiness. If you give suffering, you will receive suffering, you receive what you give, that is what the Principle of Cause and Effect says.

Buddhas are completely unselfish because they know and follow the Principle of Cause and Effect.

Buddhas will do anything to make other people happy, even sacrificing their own lives. They are not afraid of dying, they are not afraid of anything. Buddhas are completely fearless. The fear of death is the worst of all sufferings, and by overcoming the worst of all sufferings, Buddhas have overcome all kinds of sufferings. By overcoming death, Buddhas have become immortal, never to experience the suffering of death again.

Human beings, on the other hand, are selfish, they think only about themselves, they want things for themselves, they want money, they want fortune, they want family, and they will do anything to "defend" their money, their fortune, their family, their lives.

Human beings are afraid of dying, they will do anything to "defend" their own lives, they will even kill other people .

Because human beings are afraid of death, they are afraid of anything, they live in constant fear. Everything human beings do is to try to avoid death. Human beings pursue money because they are afraid of dying. But all the money in the world cannot stop death, humans don't become immortal just by having money.
The world after death is decided by our own actions.

Selfish people will go to a selfish world. Unselfish people will go to an unselfish world. The future is the continuation of the present. The future is the result of the present.

If you are selfish, after death, you will go to a world of people just like you, selfish, coward, suspicious, afraid of dying, ready to do to anything to "defend" their own lives, even kill other people. This world in Buddhism is called 地獄 (jigoku), translated as hell.

If you are unselfish, after death, you will go to a world of people just like you, unselfish, courageous, fearless, people who think about you, who care about you, who will do anything to make you happy, even sacrificing their own lives. This world in Buddhism is called 極楽(gokuraku), the buddhist paradise.

The very first step in Buddhism is to follow the Principle of Cause and Effect and do 廃悪修善(haiaku shuzen), to stop doing evil deeds, and do good deeds.

http://youtu.be/qKmB_8r5dys



View of "Salvation"

Buddhist Path to Salvation.wmv, 4:42

http://youtu.be/qltNTIWGU9I



View of After Life

Concept of Heaven and Hell in Buddhism, 4:07

This Q&A is part of a presentation held in 1997 at the Buddhist Missionary Society, KL.

Although Buddhism is the religion of nearly one fifth of the world's population, there are many misunderstandings about its Doctrine and Practice. The most Venerable Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda Nayaka Maha Thera together with Ven. Dr, H. Gunaratana, Ven. K. Wimalajothi and Ven. Wimala answered various questions put to them by a panel of well-known Buddhist leaders.

What is the concept of Heaven and Hell in Buddhism? Answers are provided here by Ven. Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda together with Ven. Dr. H. Gunaratana.

http://youtu.be/LFJVYL-me_c



Practices and Rituals

Buddhism Today-Types of Buddhist rituals in Thailand, 4:12

http://youtu.be/-SwC9mZnF0s
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Vajrayana 1:03

http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/religion/MRK/videos/myreligionkit/Vajrayana_MyLab.html

Celebrations and Festivals

REFERENCES

Buddhism and the Modern World
Buddhist Monk - self immolation, 5:18
http://youtu.be/E37cMtCrKoA
June 11, 1963, Thich Quang Duc, a Buddhist monk from Vietnam, burned himself to death at a busy intersection in downtown Saigon to bring attention to the repressive policies of the Diem regime that controlled the South Vietnamese government at the time. Buddhist monks asked the regime to lift its ban on flying the traditional Buddhist flag, to grant Buddhism the same rights as Catholicism, to stop detaining Buddhists and to give Buddhist monks and nuns the right to practice and spread their religion.
As he burned he never moved a muscle, never uttered a sound.



Tibetan Buddhist Monks - Relaxing Music, 44:13
http://youtu.be/M507436kl4Q



Carry On My Wayward Son Kansas Lyrics, 5:28

• This was written by Kansas guitarist Kerry Livgren. According to Livgren, the song was not written to express anything specifically religious, though it certainly expresses spiritual searching and other ideas.
  
  Livgren became an evangelical Christian in 1980, and has said that his songwriting to that point was all about "searching." Regarding this song, he explained: "I felt a profound urge to 'Carry On' and continue the search. I saw myself as the 'Wayward Son,' alienated from the ultimate reality, and yet striving to know it or him. The positive note at the end ('Surely heaven waits for you') seemed strange and premature, but I felt impelled to include it in the lyrics. It proved to be prophetic."
• This song can be seen as the continuation of the last song of Kansas' previous album Masque. As stated in the last verse of "The Pinnacle":
  "I stood where no man goes/Above the din I rose
  Life is amusing though we are losing
  Drowned in tears of awe..."
  
  By definition in the Cambridge dictionary, "Din" is a loud unpleasant confused noise which lasts for a long time. The first line of "Carry On Wayward Son" is: "Once I rose above the noise and confusion." (thanks, Rich - Trenton, NJ)
• This was the group's first major hit, and like their next one, "Dust In The Wind," it was a last minute addition to the album. Kerry Livgren wrote the song just two days before they started recording Leftoverture. At that point, the band was polishing the songs they had, not bringing in new ones. "I've got one more song that you might want to hear," he told the band, and when he played "Carry On," they knew it was a hit and made it the lead track on the album.
• The a cappella vocals in the beginning of this song gave it a very distinctive intro. This worked well on Rock radio stations where disc jockeys rarely talked over the music.
• This song has appeared in several movies, including Heroes (1977), Happy Gilmore (1996) and Anchorman - The Legend of Ron Burgundy (2004).
• The Oak Ridge Boys recorded this for the album When Pigs Fly: Songs You Never Thought You'd Hear. Cevin Soling, who put the compilation together, said: "The Oak Ridge Boys, I wanted them to do Nine Inch Nails' 'Closer,' and I had this wonderful arrangement worked out... this very 'Elvira' Country version of the Nine Inch Nails' 'Closer,' with all the doo-wops and poppa oom maus and everything. I could not wait to get them in the studio to work on that. I had alternate lyrics, you know, but they were still uncomfortable with doing that. So that kind of went back and forth and somehow "Wayward Son" got thrown out there. I don't remember exactly who picked that one, but generally I'd give the artist a few choices and they sort of pick among them." (Check out our interview with Cevin Soling.)
• This song is featured in the South Park episode "Guitar Queer-O." In the episode, Stan and Kyle become obsessed with the video game Guitar Hero and often play to "Carry On Wayward Son." The song is played throughout the episode. (thanks, Matthew - Hawthorne, NJ)

http://youtu.be/o3T7-VbfYLU



Steely Dan - Bodhisattva (With Lyrics), 5:18

Steely Dan - Bodhisattva

Bodhisattva
Would you take me by the hand
Bodhisattva
Would you take me by the hand
Can you show me
The shine of your Japan
The sparkle of your china
Can you show me
Bodhisattva
Bodhisattva
I'm gonna sell my house in town
Bodhisattva
I'm gonna sell my house in town
And I'll be there
To shine in your Japan
To sparkle in your China
Yes I'll be there
Bodhisattva

http://youtu.be/LGdyVnW86SY

Buddhist Meditation Music for Positive Energy: Buddhist Thai Monks ... ▶ 2:01:28 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cDCS19EOsrA Dec 11, 2014 - Uploaded by NuMeditationMusic Buddhist Meditation Music for Positive Energy: Buddhist Thai Monks ... Buddhism is not a religion but a ...
How a Prince Became the Buddha, 10:49
https://youtu.be/bj7VMsfqCWc
Buddhist Music
https://youtu.be/ABy95341Dto

PHI 210 Week 2 Summer 2016

The presentation may contain content that is deemed objectionable to a particular viewer because of the view expressed or the conduct depicted. The views expressed are provided for learning purposes only, and do not necessarily express the views, or opinions, of Strayer University, your professor, or those participating in videos or other media.

We will have two ten-minute breaks: at 7:30 and 9 pm while you should sign the attendance upon entering the classroom. The weekly Discussion will take place at 9:30 pm before you are dismissed at 10:00 pm.

Week 1 Lecture 1 Review:
 https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/PHI/210/1142/Week1/Lecture1/player.html

Week 1 Lecture 2 Review:
https://blackboard.strayer.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/PHI/210/1142/Week1/Lecture2/player.html

Assignment 1.1: Conflicting Viewpoints Essay - Part I
Prewriting
Due Week 2 and worth 30 points
When looking for information about a particular issue, how often do you try to resist biases toward your own point of view? This assignment asks you to engage in this aspect of critical thinking by playing the "Believing Game." The Believing Game is about making the effort to "believe" - or at least consider - the reasons for an opposing view on an issue.
The assignment is divided into two (2) parts.
In Part I of the assignment (due Week 2), you will first read a book excerpt about critical thinking processes: "The Believing Game and How to Make Conflicting Opinions More Fruitful" at http://www.procon.org/sourcefiles/believinggame.pdf. Next, you will review the Procon.org Website in order to gather information. Then, you will engage in prewriting to examine your thoughts.
Note: In Part II of the assignment (due Week 4), you will write an essay geared towards synthesizing your ideas.

Part I - Prewriting: Follow the instructions below for this prewriting activity.  Use complete sentences and adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.
1. Select one (1) of the approved topics from the www.procon.org Website and state your position on the issue.
2. From the Procon.org Website, identify three (3) premises (reasons) listed under either the Pro or Con section - whichever section opposes your position.
3.For each of the three (3) premises (reasons) that oppose your position on the issue, answer these "believing" questions suggested by Elbow:

1. What's interesting or helpful about this view?
2. What would I notice if I believed this view?
3. In what sense or under what conditions might this idea be true?"

The paper should follow guidelines for clear and organized writing:

• Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph.
• Address main ideas in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
• Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, mechanics, and spelling.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA Style format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student's name, the professor's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Identify the informal fallacies, assumptions, and biases involved in manipulative appeals and abuses of language.
• Create written work utilizing the concepts of critical thinking.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in critical thinking skills and informal logic.

p. 18 Think About It

Secularization, Religious Resurgence, and Multiple Modernities, 2:10

As modernity has advanced across the world, some people are surprised that in most societies faith not been relegated to the private sphere or altogether abandoned. Investigate the manner in which cultures modernize in unique ways, many of which accommodate or even promote religious belief and practice.

What is secularization?

Secularization or secularization is the transformation of a society from close identification with religious values and institutions toward nonreligious (or irreligious) values and secular institutions. The secularization thesis refers to the belief that as societies progress, particularly through modernization and rationalization, religion loses its authority in all aspects of social life and governance.

Are religions everywhere in decline, or are they resurging?

In Europe, does modernization and secularization go hand in hand?

Modernization theory is a theory used to explain the process of modernization within societies. Modernization refers to a model of a progressive transition from a 'pre-modern' or 'traditional' to a 'modern' society. The theory looks at the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, "traditional" countries can be brought to development in the same manner more developed countries have. Modernization theory attempts to identify the social variables that contribute to social progress and development of societies, and seeks to explain the process of social evolution

Is the same true for the United States?

Food for thought: has modernization led to secularization in the Middle East?

http://youtu.be/oKCT-4lZHKc



Does SCIENCE = TRUTH? (Nietzsche) - 8-Bit Philosophy, 3:07

http://youtu.be/Y68mGbvZZZg



Nietzsche

Simon Critchley Examines Friedrich Nietzsche,
The philosopher takes a look at Nietzsche's approach to life and death.

Critchley: Yeah. Nietzsche describes a mad man who runs into a public square shouting, God is dead. God is dead and the people didn't believe him, and he's laughed at, and he leaves. He came too soon. He says, he came, I came too soon. But the thought here is deeper, more interesting. It's not that the Nietzsche said, God is dead. Something you can find on _____ worlds, the world over is that God is dead, we have killed him, and what Nietzsche means by that I think is that the outcome of history is the death of God. We no longer need or we no longer can believe in those sorts of assurances which theology gave us through let's say, let's say through the development of science and technology. We've got ourselves to a position where God is an accessory that we can do without. So, it's not that Nietzsche was celebrating the death of God. He thinks that God is a pretty bad idea. He makes us cringing, cowardly, submissive creatures but it doesn't mean the opposite is something to be celebrated. We shouldn't just celebrate our, you know, that would lead to sort of nihilism. What Nietzsche thought is that, you know, human history is led to a point where we are, we find the idea of God incredible. We can no longer believe it and at that point he says, there's a risk of us throwing up our hands, and saying, well, nothing means anything. That's what Nietzsche calls nihilism. Nietzsche's thought is not nihilism. This is a key thing. Nietzsche is trying to think, a counter movement to nihilism and this is what he calls a re-evaluation of values, or an overcoming of nihilism. It's what Nietzsche wants us to do. Nietzsche is, you know, Nietzsche wants us to reject our usual ways of thinking morally in terms of a new way of conceding of value that would be in terms of life ultimately, the affirmation of life, something like that.

Nihilism - life is without objective meaning, purpose, or intrinsic value.

http://youtu.be/MrI5WQ4u7MY



What basis for moral values and behavioral codes do we have (if not religion)?

The Big Bang Theory - Nietzsche on Morality, 1:42

http://youtu.be/1yydR6r7NNE



What is Real? (Plato) - 8-Bit Philosophy, 2:48

http://youtu.be/lVDaSgyi3xE



The Cave: An Adaptation of Plato's Allegory in Clay, 3:11

http://youtu.be/69F7GhASOdM

Can you apply the allegory to your own life, personally?



An excerpt from Plato's Republic, the 'Allegory of the Cave' is a classic commentary on the human condition. It is a story of open-mindedness and the power of possibility.
We have adapted and brought it to life by shooting thousands of high-resolution photographs of John Grigsby's wonderful clay animation. To learn more, visit http://platosallegory.com

p. 26, Ego Defenses such as:
Denial
Projection
Rationalization


Here we may view examples of:

                Displacement

                Projection

                Rationalization

                Denial

                Reaction Formation

AP Psych Defense Mechanisms Video, 3:06

BTB (Beyond the Book) project for AP Psych.

Project by Abigail Pulizzano, Cameron Chan, and Eric Liu.


 

Defense Mechanisms:

What are Defense Mechanisms? 11 Examples of Defense Mechanism, 5:14

https://youtu.be/zCeeO0nM1nE

What are defense mechanisms? 11 Defense Mechanism Examples.

http://truepotentialcounseling.com/wh...

In this video Andrea Cairella, LPCC in Long Beach, CA covers what are defense mechanisms and provides 11 examples of defense mechanisms. C'mon over to http://truepotentialcounseling.com/wh... where the main discussion happens after the episode.

What are defense mechanisms you use?

Today you'll learn what are defense mechanisms you use and the top 11 examples of defense mechanisms used in our intrapersonal and interpersonal relationships.

Some examples of defense mechanisms are:

1. Blaming or Attacking Others -- This defense mechanism is used when your ego becomes threatened, you feel vulnerable and hurt, or you don't want to admit your short-comings or contributions to the problem.

2. Rationalization -- This example of a defense mechanism is a subconscious justification, excuse or reasoning given to make a behavior seem logical.

3. Excuses -- Instead of taking responsibility for your actions or lack of action, you instead share all the reasons why it could not be done or blames others for your behavior.

4. Deflection -- When you change the subject and focus on someone or something else, instead of speaking about yourself.

5. Playing the Victim -- To avoid dealing with the problem or feeling responsible for the situation, the victim finds it easier to make the other person the bad guy and believes that everything is happening to them.

6. Displacement - This defense reduces anxiety or pressure by transferring feelings toward one person to another.

7. Conversion - Mental conflict converted to a physical symptom.

8. Regression - Giving up current level of development and going back to a prior level.

9. Reaction Formation - Over-compensation for fear of the opposite. When there are two conflicting parts in self-one is strengthened while the other is repressed.

10. Simple Denial - Unpleasant facts, emotions, or events are treated as if they are not real or don't exist.

11. Fantasy - Retreating into a dream world of times past.


What are the defense mechanisms you use?

Provide examples of your defense mechanisms.


If you enjoyed this video, subscribe to our channel and sign up for your free weekly relationship and life advice at http://www.TruePotentialCounseling.com And if you're interested in more videos on relationship advice for couples, check out our YouTube playlist on that exact topic here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l30V0F... Thanks for watching! My YouTube channel: http://www.youtube.com/user/peakpoten... Examples of defense mechanisms on my website: http://truepotentialcounseling.com/wh... Examples of defense mechanisms on YouTube:

http://youtu.be/zCeeO0nM1nE

- 

Repression


Psychological repression, or simply repression, is the psychological attempt made by an individual to direct one's own desires and impulses toward pleasurable instincts by excluding the desire from one's consciousness and holding or subduing it in the unconscious. Repression plays a major role in many mental illnesses, and in the psyche of the average person.[1] Repression (German: Verdrängung), 'a key concept of psychoanalysis, is a defense mechanism, but it pre-exists the ego, e.g., 'Primal Repression'. It ensures that what is unacceptable to the conscious mind, which would arouse anxiety if recalled, is prevented from entering into it';[2] and is generally accepted as such by psychoanalytic psychologists.[3] There is debate as to whether (or how often) memory repression really occurs[4] and mainstream psychology holds that true memory repression occurs only very rarely.[5]

Repressive Defenses, 3:44

Presentation on repressive defenses. For more information, go to http://www.istdpinstitute.com. Visit us at Facebook at http://facebook.com/Dynamicpsychotherapy

https://youtu.be/H84zZNH0AkM

- 

Displacement

In Freudian psychology, displacement (German: Verschiebung, "shift, move") is an unconscious defense mechanism whereby the mind substitutes either a new aim or a new object for goals felt in their original form to be dangerous or unacceptable.[1]

A term originating with Sigmund Freud,[2] displacement operates in the mind unconsciously, its transference of emotions, ideas, or wishes being most often used to allay anxiety in the face of aggressive or sexual impulses.

We saw an example of displacement earlier.

Psychology: Displacement, 1:10

A short film showing an example of the defense mechanism by the name of "Displacement."

https://youtu.be/LWQVR3MEjOE

- 

Projection

Psychological projection is a theory in psychology in which humans defend themselves against their own unpleasant impulses by denying their existence while attributing them to others.[1]

For example, a person who is habitually rude may constantly accuse other people of being rude.

It can take the form of blame shifting.

According to some research, the projection of one's negative qualities onto others is a common process in everyday life.[2]

Lucid Rich Jr - Psychological Projection, 1:59

A short educational cartoon about Psychological Projection. A little something to educate others. Inspired by Tim P Nokio

https://youtu.be/tmnAX1j0P_k

 

-Rationalization

In psychology and logic, rationalization or rationalisation (also known as making excuses[1]) is a defense mechanism in which controversial behaviors or feelings are justified and explained in a seemingly rational or logical manner to avoid the true explanation, and are made consciously tolerable – or even admirable and superior – by plausible means.[2]

It is also an informal fallacy of reasoning.[3] Rationalisation happens in two steps: A decision, action, judgement is made for a given reason, or no (known) reason at all.

A rationalisation is performed, constructing a seemingly good or logical reason, as an attempt to justify the act after the fact (for oneself or others).

Rationalization encourages irrational or unacceptable behavior, motives, or feelings and often involves ad hoc hypothesizing.

This process ranges from fully conscious (e.g. to present an external defense against ridicule from others) to mostly unconscious (e.g. to create a block against internal feelings of guilt or shame).

People rationalize for various reasons — sometimes when we think we know ourselves better than we do.

Rationalization may differentiate[clarification needed] the original deterministic explanation of the behavior or feeling in question.

Defense Mechanism: Rationalization - Scrubs, 1:13

An example of rationalization in Scrubs. Turk makes up an excuse for being afraid during surgery.
https://youtu.be/mSe9X89x5pw

-Denial

Israel Charny: Psychology of Denial, 4:25

Dr. Israel W. Charny, psychologist and executive director of the Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide in Jerusalem, tells the story of how he became a “devoted student of the denial of the Armenian Genocide” and suggests several reasons why the Turkish government, over the last one hundred years, has gone to great lengths—politically and at great financial cost—to continue its policy of denial.

Dr. Israel W. Charny is an Israeli and American psychologist who is widely known as the co-founder and past president of the International Association of Genocide Scholars, founder and first president of the Israel Family Therapy Association, and a past president of the International Family Therapy Association. Three of his works have been awarded "Outstanding Academic Book of the Year" by the American Library Association including Fascism and Democracy in the Human Mind. He has written and lectured extensively on the psychological motivations and impact of denial. He is also the author of Encyclopedia of Genocide, a two-volume reference work that examines the entire historiography of all genocides, including the phenomenology of the denial.

https://youtu.be/uzatvOTMJj8

-

• Enculturation, religious opinions

https://www.educreations.com/lesson/view/enculturation/25186904/?s=CBADjN&ref=appemail

• • Enculturation is the process by which people learn the requirements of their surrounding culture and acquire values and behaviours appropriate or necessary in that culture. As part of this process, the influences that limit, direct, or shape the individual (whether deliberately or not) include parents, other adults, and peers. If successful, enculturation results in competence in the language, values and rituals of the culture.
• Ego

"Ego" is a Latin and Greek (ἑγώ) word meaning "I", often used in English to mean the "self", "identity" or other related concepts.



2.1 Emotions
Under attack
2.1 Practice: Emotions
Angry Voters, Anxious Voters
2.2 Groups and Cultures
Your Groups
Other Groups
Enculturation
2.2 Practice: Groups and Cultures
One People, One Story?
2.3 Pride
2.3 Practice: Pride
Believing Both Sides of Social Media

Pre-Built Course Content
Based on:
2.2 Practice: Groups and Cultures
One People, One Story?

Robert Spencer on Boko Haram ("Western education is sin"), 4:54

 

Is Nigeria a peaceful and harmonious place to be?

Robert Spencer of Jihad Watch says the outcry from Muslims denouncing the Boko Haram kidnappings is too little, too late and quite hypocritical.

http://youtu.be/Aypum2zpTIs



Boko Haram survivor: My story, 9:17

Jul. 30, 2014 - 9:17 - Uncut: Teenager Deborah Peter describes how she survived a horrifying attack by the Islamic militant group on her household because of their Christian faith

http://video.foxnews.com/v/3705437034001/boko-haram-survivor-my-story/#sp=show-clips

Boko Haram Survivor Story, 6:23

15 year old Deborah Peters tells her personal story of the day Boko Haram slaughtered her family in front of her eyes because they would not deny their Christian faith.

http://youtu.be/xMwIYdsVMvo



Based on:
2.1 Practice: Emotions

Angry Voters, Anxious Voters

How do emotional supporters of the candidate react when told they supported the wrong candidate?


We Are Change: Supporters Actually Hate the Policies, 7:33

http://youtu.be/Skw-0jv9kts

Ronald Reagan It's Morning In America 1984

http://youtu.be/fa8Qupc4PnQ



2 July 2014

http://www.politico.com/story/2014/07/poll-obama-worst-president-since-wwii-108507.html
Media Malpractice, 7:33

Exclusive trailer for "Media Malpractice... How Obama Got Elected and Palin Was Targeted"!!!
Here is the offical trailer for the highly anticipated documentary "Media Malpractice... How Obama Got Elected and Palin Was Targeted." For more information on the film as well as the exclusive Sarah Palin interview, go to www.HowObamaGotElected.com

Does the media present objective information during elections?

http://youtu.be/WAGCMGpP-QM



Multiculturalism Failed in Europe, 4:13

In the tradition of the Enlightenment, many Europeans believe in tolerance, diversity, and multiculturalism. Recently, how has multiculturalism fared in Europe?

Cf. Resources
A New York intellectual examined how Islamism is downplayed in the media.
The Flight of the Intellectuals: The Controversy Over Islamism and the Press by Paul Berman Melville House (2010), Hardcover, 304 pages
https://www.librarything.com/work/4897258/summary/60815999

This is a French atheist's description of Ramadan.
Brother Tariq: The Doublespeak of Tariq Ramadan by Caroline Fourest Encounter Books (2008), Edition: 1, Hardcover, 150 pages
https://www.librarything.com/work/5029500/58127650

A Jewish Londoner examines the significant cultural and religious changes in modern-day Britain.
Londonistan by Melanie Phillips Encounter Books (2007), Edition: Revised, Paperback, 212 pages
https://www.librarything.com/work/5029500/58127650

A gay man examines Europe and Islam from his personal perspective.
While Europe Slept: How Radical Islam is Destroying the West from Within by Bruce Bawer Anchor (2007), Edition: Reprint, Paperback, 272 pages

https://www.librarything.com/work/655503/100591248

http://youtu.be/XxSnhLIoPGg

Week 2 Lecture 1



To meet the overall objective we will cover the following topics in Part 1:

• The senses
• Deception of the senses
• Steps for effective listening

Pre-Built Course Content
To meet the overall objective we will cover the following topics in Part 1:

• The senses

Locke/Aristotle or Plato/Jung/Chomsky

tabular rasa or innate ideas

What do you think?

Tabula rasa, meaning blank slate in Latin, is the epistemological theory that individuals are born without built-in mental content and that their knowledge comes from experience and perception.

Generally, proponents of the tabula rasa thesis favour the "nurture" side of the nature versus nurture debate, when it comes to aspects of one's personality, social and emotional behaviour, and intelligence.

The term in Latin equates to the English "blank slate" (or more literally, "scraped tablet") (which refers to writing on a slate sheet in chalk) but comes from the Roman tabula or wax tablet, used for notes, which was blanked by heating the wax and then smoothing it to give a tabula rasa.

How do we know what we know? Is it true?

Here's a little story from Plato's most famous book, The Republic. Socrates is talking to a young follower of his named Glaucon, and is telling him this fable to illustrate what it's like to be a philosopher -- a lover of wisdom: Most people, including ourselves, live in a world of relative ignorance.

We are even comfortable with that ignorance, because it is all we know.

When we first start facing truth, the process may be frightening, and many people run back to their old lives.

But if you continue to seek truth, you will eventually be able to handle it better. In fact, you may want more.

It's true that many people around you now may think you are subversive or even a danger to society.

However, once you pursue the truth you may want more and you refuse to be ignorant.

An excerpt from Plato's Republic, the 'Allegory of the Cave' is a classic commentary on the human condition. It is a story of open-mindedness and the power of possibility. The text of the Republic is well worth reading.


http://youtu.be/69F7GhASOdM

We have adapted and brought it to life by shooting thousands of high-resolution photographs of John Grigsby's wonderful clay animation. To learn more, visit http://platosallegory.com

The Cave: An Adaptation of Plato's Allegory in Clay, 3:10


An excerpt from Plato's Republic, the 'Allegory of the Cave.'

How does Plato's allegory of the cave apply to the barriers as we have examined?

Are our senses reliable sources of knowledge?

"The Illusions of our Senses", Erik Johansson & his Impossible photography" 6:22

Here are some Case examples for the "illusion of our Senses" as Walter Russell taught, which give mankind a false perception to the workings of our Universe.

Walter Bowman Russell (May 19, 1871 – May 19, 1963) was an American polymath known for his achievements as a painter, sculptor, author and builder and less well known as a natural philosopher and for his unified theory in physics and cosmogony


All "knowing" comes from stillness, "the sill magnetic light", which is immune to these sensory based observations. Erik's photography is a perfect lesson about how our senses can be deceived by the appearances of light.

There are several more vids in the sidebar showing Erik's work of exploiting this limitation of our senses and the fallacious interpretations of our "thinking" when we conclude what we are seeing with them, "impossible photos", like Russell's train tracks meeting on the horizon analogy. We "know" these things are impossible, which is a higher level of awareness, than "thinking" with illusions as the "substance" for our thoughts.

http://youtu.be/g46ochaDfMQ



More of Erik's awesome work:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9V4_eE...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=94MgNv...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kYtLW7...


Originally posted at this link:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mc0vhS...

Mirrored by Robert Arnett Otey

3-6-12

Free Energy and Free Thinking

http://www.feandft.com

Identify the informal fallacies, assumptions, and biases involved in manipulative appeals and abuses of language.


The Fallacy Project: Examples of fallacies from advertising, politics, and popular culture. 6:24
A collection of clips from various sources illustrating 8 common fallacies in arguments, with a brief description following each clip explaining why it is a fallacy. This was made for a class project. I hope you enjoy it.

http://youtu.be/fXLTQi7vVsI


Seinfeld: Elaine's Circular Reasoning, :40

Seinfeld Episode The Maid, Elaine attempts to fight the phone company with circular reasoning.
http://youtu.be/8CVbku6nxhU



Critical Thinking: False Cause Fallacy Example, :33

http://youtu.be/u5xrr4RyqaE



Reductio ad Absurdum

The Big Bang Theory - Reductio ad Absurdum, 1:13

http://youtu.be/ytWGiOuzpe4



Fallacy of Composition - Fire, :44

George illustrates that if there is a fire he should leave first to increase the chances of saving his life, or the fallacy of composition that what is true for the individual (George) is not necessarily true for the group.

http://youtu.be/5CAYhC1W_gQ



post hoc ergo propter hoc
"after this, therefore because of this"
post hoc ergo propter hoc, :42 The Big Bang Theory

Mind you, Sheldon knows informal logic. http://argumentics.blogspot.com/

http://youtu.be/vRJUvFG8gbE



Hasty Generalization commercial examples, 2:00

http://youtu.be/pem_FwggPsM



Critical Thinking Fallacy: Appeal to Inappropriate Authority Example, 1:22

http://youtu.be/jIIRmSV8JKE



Richard Dawkins commits the genetic fallacy, 1:58

William Lane Craig and JP Moreland show how the genetic fallacy has no bearing in terms of the truth or falsity of a proposition.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Dawkins

http://youtu.be/uX2uRD4wvYs



Critical Thinking: Appeal to Ignorance Fallacy Example, 1:38

http://youtu.be/2Ra8_gyY9R8



Slippery Slope Fallacy

DIRECTV commercial - Don't Wake Up in a Roadside Ditch, :31

https://youtu.be/kIv3m2gMgUU

Second example - Date, 2:25

Watch a slippery slope fallacy develop when a man and woman are on a date. (Created by spring 2013 Honors Critical Thinking students.)

http://youtu.be/ZMhArBLt8l8



False Analogy Fallacy, 2:00

http://youtu.be/60NSO9pJyVI




The Is/Ought Problem, 1:28

https://youtu.be/eT7yXG2aJdY

Longer explanation, Fallacies: Slippery Slope, 8:12

http://www.criticalthinkeracademy.com

This is a sample video from a video tutorial course titled "Fallacies", one of many videos on critical thinking that you can find at the link above.

http://youtu.be/DtmAw9Ia7LA



Packard Pokes At: Logical Fallacies: Bandwagon, 1:00

http://youtu.be/SCxWYinsqtU






Crazy Wisdom: Daniel Dennett on Reductio ad Absurdum, 2:40

http://youtu.be/sVUMAqMmy7o





Paul Henne: Fallacy of Composition, 3:58

In this video, Paul Henne describes the fallacy of composition, an informal fallacy that arises when we assume that some whole has the same properties as its parts. He also discusses why there aren't colorless cats.

http://youtu.be/JELm6peL_sI



Fallacy of Division

Fallacies: False Dilemma, 8:48

http://www.criticalthinkeracademy.com

This video looks at the fallacy type known as "false dilemma", or "false dichotomy".

http://youtu.be/3-Xf0y13pQI



Philosophical Concepts- Circular Reasoning, 3:29

This short video explains the fallacy known as "circular reasoning" with a little help from a book about frogs.

http://youtu.be/eKLMsxpYago



Appeal to Tradition (Argumentum ad Antiquitatem) Fallacy, 2:44

George finds himself correcting Professor Appenstall's well intentioned, but misguided defense of the college administration.

http://youtu.be/EO2Dhi-lm-w

• • Philosophy of the Senses, 4:27
• • Each sense conjures up its own reality: the rarified, shifting, impalpable world of smell; the solidified, palpable, obtrusive world of touch; the light, colored, voluminous visual world; the tangible, textured, flavored world of taste; the layered, modulating, episodic auditory world. Melding aesthetics, anthropology, history, folklore, and philosophy, this course will explore the senses across individual perceptions, cultures, and historical periods.
    
    Katharine Young is an independent scholar/writer, visiting lecturer at UC Berkeley, and author of Presence in the Flesh: The Body in Medicine and Taleworlds and Storyrealms: The Phenomenology of Narrative. She is studying gestures and narrative, body image, space, interiority, consciousness, volition, thought, emotion, memory, and time in somatic psychology.
  • http://youtu.be/CsdoFOhFp6I

• Deception of the senses

p. 55 The Deception of Our Senses
"Our sensual perceptions (using sight as an example) can deceive our brain in three major ways: limited biologically, we see the superficial; corralled by custom, we see the habitual; and blinded by language, we see the general."
Thinking Activity 3.1
Where do our ideas come from?
Ideas Are Inborn Our Senses Fill the Mind
p. 57 Sharpening Our Senses
"When we realize that our senses are fallible, then we can begin to adjust to surface appearance and personal distortions."
p. 58 Thinking Activity based on the "penny challenge," p. 64 #11
Have you ever really seen a penny? Do not look at one now; but, try this exercise first.
In a dark city where reality is the ultimate illusion, discovering the truth could be fatal in "Dark City" directed by Alex Proyas ("'The Crow.")

 

• Steps for effective listening

p. 59 Powerful Listening
The Paradox of Powerful Listening
"Our adult brains can absorb thoughts several times faster than they are spoken: Speech runs about 125 words per minute, yet if this rate were doubled (or even tripled through a sped-up audiotape) we could still understand the words. Listening is so simple that, paradoxically, it is hard. Because the rate of speaking is so slow, we can easily allow our mind to roam elsewhere."

The issue is how to listen more effectively.

How To Listen

p. 60

"Once we have set our will to listen, we may need to adjust our environment."

The noises, distractions, and even our body posture may interfere with effective listening.
Ian Hunter Noises 1981 with lyrics, 5:55

http://youtu.be/WxtqmvEjR7s



Diane Tillman - Active Listening Steps, 4:28

 http://youtu.be/-dso9FAtMfU



To meet the overall objective we will cover the following topics in Part 2:

• The brain and sleep
•  
  • What's our brain doing while we sleep? | Tomorrow Today - interview, 4:07 Dr. Dieter Kunz, a sleep researcher at the Charité hospital in Berlin. He speaks with us about what the brain is actually doing while we sleep. For more go to http://www.dw.de/tomorrow-today-the-s...
    http://youtu.be/013T82RzJ5w
    
    
•  
• The nature of memory
• • The Nature of Memory, 5:53
  •  
    Augusten Burroughs does not possess the blessing of forgetfulness.
  •  
    http://youtu.be/71Bpu8XdwyA
    
     
  • Ian Hunter Ships 1979 with lyrics, 4:14
  •  
    http://youtu.be/VsMmNX6eXR0
  •  
    
    
• Forgetfulness
• Ways to improve memory

3 Ways To Improve Your Memory, 3:19
http://youtu.be/FNOYlaKAdj8

We've all had difficulty remembering things. Trace looks at three things you'd never guess may actually help improve your memory. Read More: "Clench Your Fist to Get a Grip on Memory" http://news.discovery.com/human/healt... "To most, a clenched fist indicates anger. But a new study suggests that clenching your fist can help form memories and recall them later." Clenching Fists 'Can Improve Memory' http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-2227... "Memory can be improved simply by clenching the fists, a study suggests." Chewing Gum Improves Memory http://www.newscientist.com/article/d... "Chewing gum can improve memory, say UK psychologists." Gum Helps You Think http://news.discovery.com/human/healt... "Need to concentrate? Pop a stick of gum into your mouth." Sniffing Rosemary Improves Memory http://news.discovery.com/human/life/... "A key to improving memory may lie in a common herb — rosemary." Top 10 Ways to Improve Your Memory http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/cur... "The human brai­n is like a library that stock­s memories instead of books." Human Emotion and Memory: Interactions of the Amygdala and Hippocampal Complex http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/myl/llog/Bri... "The amygdala and hippocampal complex, two medial temporal lobe structures, are linked to two independent memory systems, each with unique characteristic functions." The Hippocampus Plays an Important Role In Memory http://psychology.about.com/od/memory... "The hippocampus is a horse-shoe shaped area of the brain that plays an important role in consolidating information from short-term memory into long-term memory." Partial Recall: Why Memory Fades with Age http://www.scientificamerican.com/art... "Study finds that the disruption of white matter conduits in the aging brain keeps its regions from communicating effectively." Forgotten Knowledge: How Memory Works, and to Improve Yours (Infographic) http://news.discovery.com/human/life/... "Just in case you forgot, our memories are an integral part of our lives and experiences, and enrich our existence." ____________________ DNews is dedicated to satisfying your curiosity and to bringing you mind-bending stories & perspectives you won't find anywhere else! New videos twice daily.
Resources
Plato's cave analysis, 9:38
http://youtu.be/axARKd24eHo

Walter Bowman Russell
Walter Bowman Russell (May 19, 1871 – May 19, 1963) was an American polymath known for his achievements as a painter, sculptor, author and builder and less well known as a natural philosopher and for his unified theory in physics and cosmogony. He posited that the universe was founded on a unifying principle of rhythmic balanced interchange. This physical theory, laid out primarily in his books The Secret of Light (1947) and The Message of the Divine Iliad (1948–49), has not been accepted by mainstream scientists. Russell asserted that this was mainly due to a difference in the assumptions made about the existence of mind and matter; Russell assumes the existence of mind as cause while he believes that scientists in general assume the existence of mind as effect. Russell was also proficient in philosophy, music, ice skating, and was a professor at the institution he founded, the University of Science and Philosophy (USP). He believed mediocrity is self-inflicted and genius is self-bestowed. The content of his public lectures and his writing about living philosophy place him firmly in the New Thought Movement.
Resources
Intro to Ideologies - Lesson 3 Enlightenment Philosophers, 7:34
http://youtu.be/66MqNv008lY

What Will I Do to Prepare for WEEK 3?


REFERENCES

The News is Fake
top-german-journalist-admits-mainstream-media-completely-fake-we-all-lie-cia
 
Obama Censors Islamist Statement from French President
video-wh-censors-reference-islamist-terrorism-french-president
 
Shapiro vs. Pro-Choice
Shapiro
 
Pastor vs. Islamist on Hannity
Hannity 
 
Watter's World Easter
Clue

Musical accompaniment:
Words
God (Take 1)
Ships
Noises