Test, 20 Question, multiple-choice Test on Chapter 10.
Current events:
Looks like recently there was a "Panic in Detroit."
Included here is a World Socialist report on Detroit.
Today's lesson plan and HW is available on the blog: http://gmicksmithsocialstudies.blogspot.com/
Email: gmsmith@shanahan.org
The Shanawiki page (http://shanawiki.wikispaces.com/) has updated class information.
The online version of a portion of the Textbook is available.
LibraryThing has bibliographic resources.
I moved the "Blog Archive" to the top right on the blog page so it should be easier to find the daily lesson, HW, and other class material.
Sr. has advised students to check online teaching materials (as we have been doing since the first day of school).
We can consider the results of the Slideshare assignment.
Map of France
Poverty, social divisions, and economic crisis led to the French Revolution and a reign of terror. Napoleon Bonaparte took power in a coup d'etat and tried to overthrow Europe's old order. After his costly military campaigns, he was defeated at Waterloo, Belgium, and exiled.
Poverty and deep social divisions were the backdrop of the French Revolution. On the eve of the revolution, financial crisis gripped the government of Louis XVI. Rather than accept higher taxes, the commoners in France's legislative body, the Estates-General, broke off to form a National Assembly. Anticipating an attack by the king's forces, commoners then stormed the Bastille prison, marking the start of the Revolution. The new Assembly took control of the Catholic Church and adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The document was inspired in part by the American Declaration of Independence and Constitution. The Assembly then wrote a constitution establishing a limited monarchy and a Legislative Assembly. France was soon at war with Austria, where some feared the revolution might spread. Louis XVI was taken captive by the Paris Commune. The Commune called for a National Convention and forced the revolution into a more violent phase.
Section 2 Radical Revolution and Reaction
During the first years of the revolution, a republic was established, Louis XVI was executed, and thousands of people were killed on suspicion of opposing the revolution. While factions fought over control within France, European states fearing the spread of revolution made plans to invade France. The National Convention responded by forming a Committee of Public Safety. The committee led a 12-month Reign of Terror, executing close to 40,000 suspected enemies and expunging signs of Catholic influence. The committee also raised the largest army in European history and repelled the invading armies. With the crisis past, the National Convention ended the Reign of Terror and executed its zealous leader, Maximilien Robespierre. Power shifted into the hands of more moderate middle-class leaders who produced a constitution in 1795. The constitution called for a two-house legislative body and an executive committee, called the Directory. The Directory faced mounting problems. In 1799 a popular General, Napoleon Bonaparte, seized power in a coup d'état.
Section 3 The Age of Napoleon
Napoleon formed a new government, the consulate, in which he held absolute power. In 1802 he was crowned emperor and signed a peace treaty with Russia, Great Britain, and Austria. At home, he made peace with the Catholic Church and created a functioning bureaucracy. His Napoleonic Code preserved many of the rights gained in the revolution. War was soon renewed. By 1807, Napoleon had created a French empire. In parts of the empire, Napoleon sought to spread the revolution. However, his invasions had contributed to the spread of nationalism as well. This, along with British sea power, would spell his defeat. After a disastrous invasion of Russia, other European nations attacked Napoleon's army and captured Paris. Napoleon was exiled from France, and the monarchy was restored. Napoleon returned to power briefly, only to face final military defeat against a combined Prussian and British force at Waterloo and to be exiled once again.
After surveying the Chapter, we begin in Section 1 The French Revolution Begins
We can consider the "Causes of the French Revolution."
To cover the entire French Revolution is a lofty task but to deal with the subject as best we can there is a good reference in the "Detailed Guide to the Revolution."
One of the most interesting characters of the period is "Marie Antoinette."
Or, alternatively, we can listen to "Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution" in song.
If someone is studying French, perhaps they can translate the anthem of the republican Revolution:
The Marseillaise (War Song for the Army of the Rhine)
Marseillaise
( Chant de guerre pour l'armée du Rhin)
Allons enfants de la patrie!
Le jour de gloire est arrivé;
Contre nous de la tyrannie
L'étendard sanglant est levé.
L'étendard sanglant est levé.
Entendez-vous dans les campagnes
Mugir ces féroces soldats?
Ils viennent jusque dans vos bras
Egorger vos fils, vos compagnes!
Refrain:
Aux armes, citoyens, formez vos bataillons,
Marchez, marchez, qu'un sang impur
abreuve nos sillons.
Que veut cet horde d'esclaves,
De traîtres, de rois conjurés?
Pour qui ces ignobles entraves,
Ces fers dès longtemps préparés?
Ces fers dès longtemps préparés?
Francais! Pour nous, ah quel outrage!
Quels transports il doit exciter!
C'est nous qu'on ose méditer
De rendre à l'antique esclavage?
Refrain
Amour sacré de la patrie,
Conduis, soutiens nos bras vengeurs
Liberté, Liberté chérie!
Combats avec tes défenseurs
Combats avec tes défenseurs
Sous nos drapeaux que la Victoire
Accourt à tes mâles accents:
Que tes ennemis expirants
Voient ton triomphe et notre gloire
Refrain
Refrain
One of the most arresting images of the Revolution, no pun intended, is the guillotine.
Objectives
*Describe the social divisions of France’s old order.
*List reasons for France’s economic troubles in 1789.
*Explain why Louis XVI called the Estates-General and summarize what resulted.
*Understand why Parisians stormed the Bastille.
Witness History
The Loss of Blood Begins (Audio)
On July 14, 1789, after a daylong hunting expedition, King Louis XVI returned to his palace in Versailles. Hours earlier, armed Parisians had attacked the Bastille. They had cut the chains of the prison drawbridge, crushing a member of the crowd, and poured into the courtyard. Chaos ensued as shots rang out, blood was spattered, and heads were paraded down the streets on spikes. When Louis heard the news, he exclaimed, “Then it’s a revolt?” “No, sire,” replied the duke bearing the news, “it’s a revolution!” The French Revolution had begun. Witness History relates the fall of the Bastille.
The Conquerors of the Bastille before the Hotel de Ville, painted by Paul Delaroche
Chapter Focus Question
What were the causes and effects of the French Revolution, and how did the revolution lead to the Napoleonic era?
Background to the Revolution
The Three Estates
Financial Crisis
Reading Check
Identifying
What groups were part of the Third Estate?
From Estates-General to National Assembly
Reading Check
Examining
Why did the Third Estate object to each estate's having one vote in the Estates-General?
The Destruction of the Old Regime
Declaration of the Rights of Man
The King Concedes
Church Reforms
A New Constitution and New Fears
War with Austria
Rise of the Paris Commune
Reading Check
Evaluating
What was the significance of the Constitution of 1791?
Preview
Section 2 Radical Revolution and Reaction
HW: email me at gmsmith@shanahan.org.
1. Using print and Internet sources (a reference to La Marseilloise is made above, an English translation is also available), familiarize yourself with the lyrics to The Marseillaise, God Save the Queen (not the pop version),
and The Star Spangled Banner. How do they vary in subject matter, tone, theme, and style, and how are they similar?
Not required, but if helpful, create a chart listing your findings.
Bibliographic resources for the French Revolution
Previous to or the buildup to the Revolution
Cf. The Coming of the French Revolution (Princeton Classic Editions)
by Georges Lefebvre.
The Fall of the French Monarchy 1787-1792 (The French Revolution)
by Michel Vovelle.
Great Fear of 1789
by Georges Lefebvre.
General works on the Revolution
The Crowd in the French Revolution (Galaxy Books)
by George Rude.
A Short History of the French Revolution, 1789-1799
by Albert Soboul.
The Abolition Of Feudalism: Peasants, Lords, And Legislators In The French Revolution, by John Markoff.
Interpreting the French Revolution
by Francois Furet.
Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution
by Simon Schama.
The Radical Revolution
The Sans-Culottes
by Albert Soboul.
The Vendee: A Sociological Analysis of the Counter-Revolution of 1793
by Charles Tilly.
Revolutionary Themes After the Revolution
Reflections on the Revolution in France (Oxford World's Classics)
by Edmund Burke.
The Age of Revolution: 1789-1848
by Eric Hobsbawm.
Work and Revolution in France: The Language of Labor from the Old Regime…
by William H. Sewell Jr.
The Course in German History by A.J.P. Taylor.
