Wednesday, February 02, 2011

Honors Business Economics: 3 February 2011

Prayer
Beyond the Sound Bites

John Hofmeister on Fox Business News "Follow the Money" 2/1/2011


Cf. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0I6SN96aLI

Moodys Analytics Chief Economist Mark Zandi discusses the state of U.S. manufacturing, small business job growth and whether the economy can achieve 4% growth this year.

The Ch. 4 Sec. 2 Quiz is tomorrow (sorry for the shorter notice due to the snow day).

Standard feature:

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Chapter 6 Prices and Decision Making

Ch. 6 Sec. 1 Reading Strategy

Katrina Fallout

The Economic Impact of the BP Oil Spill

The Global Economy and You

Advantages of Prices

Reading Check

Summarizing

In what way do prices perform the allocation function?

Allocations without Prices

Rationing

Problems with Rationing

Reading Check

Contrasting

What are the differences between the price system and rationing?

Prices as a System

Reading Check

Identifying

How do prices allocate resources between markets?

Ch. 6 Sec. 1 Review

In-class assignment: with a partner, identify the problems associated with rationing.


Case Study

I Bought It On eBay

Section 2 The Price System at Work

Economists develop economic models of markets with supply and demand curves in order to analyze and predict outcomes. In a competitive market, the forces of supply and demand establish prices. A temporary surplus drives prices down; a temporary shortage forces prices up. Eventually, the market reaches the equilibrium price where there are neither shortages nor surpluses. Changes in supply or demand can disturb the market, but the market will tend to find its new equilibrium with the help of temporary shortages and/or surpluses. Whenever supply or demand for a product fluctuates, the elasticity of the two curves affects the size of the price change. Competitive markets represent the ideal, but the lessons learned from them apply to other markets as well.

Ch. 6 Sec. 2 Reading Strategy

In-class assignment: with a partner, complete the graphic organizer by describing how a surplus and a shortage affect prices, demand, and supply.  . 





In-class assignment, working with a partner, answer the following.

In your own words, explain the price system.
Does one person make a pencil?
Do it take many people and cultures to produce even simple goods such as pencils?
Does it take cooperation?
Is it likely that the differences between people would make them hate each other if they met?
Then what brought all these people together?
What does the price system foster if left unregulated according to Friedman?

Milton Friedman, Free to Choose, Power of the Market - The Pencil (explains the price system), 2:11


Guide to Reading

Section Preview

Content Vocabulary

economic model

equilibrium price

surplus

In-class assignment, with a partner, answer the following.

As illustrated in the video, draw the graph.
Which direction does the demand curve go?
Which direction does the supply curve go?
Why (for each curve)?
What is the intersection of the curves called?
What does the idea of the surplus entail?
What is the red (in the video) section called?
What lines define the consumer surplus?
Can prices be determined as a result?

Equilibrium price and surplus, 6:27

Description of equilibrium price, consumer surplus, producer surplus and social surplus using supply and demand diagrams.





shortage

Academic Vocabulary

Reading Strategy

Companies in the News

Want prime seats? Get ready to bid?

The Price Adjustment Process

A Market Model

Figure 6.1 Market Equilibrium

Surplus

Shortage

Figure 6.2 Surpluses and Shortages
In-class assignment, with a partner, answer the following:

When does a surplus occur?
When does a shortage occur?
What does Panel A illustrate?
What does Panel B illustrate?

Cf. http://glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/socialstudies/in_motion_08/epp/EPP_p150.swf



Equilibrium Price

Reading Check

Summarizing

How do surpluses and shortages help establish the equilibrium price?

Explaining and Predicting Prices

Change in Supply

Figure 6.3 Changes in Prices

Change in Demand

Change in Supply and Demand

The Importance of Elasticity

Careers

Real Estate Agent
Real estate agents, among others such as actors (including voice actors), artists, novelists, freelance writers, and similar creative artists as talents are generally compensated on a "per job" basis, and thus are not treated as employees; as freelancers, they file a 1099 form for their taxes. They are not, strictly speaking, an employee of a company. One proposal of health care might be to demand that employers purchase health care and to be treated as regular employees of companies.

This is an expensive proposition, likewise, a 1099 provision, voted down on 2 February 2011, is a piece of "Obama’s health care overhaul, rolling back a new tax reporting requirement that’s been universally panned by business owners. . . . The provision would have required business owners to file 1099 tax documents on all cumulative purchases from a single vendor that total more than $600 in a year."

The amendment was proposed by Sen. Debbie Stabenow (D-Mich.).

“This amendment is a common-sense solution for business owners who need to be focused on creating jobs, not filling out paperwork for the IRS,” she said.

Cf. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0211/48726.html

Prices and Competitive Markets

Reading Check

Explaining

How does the elasticity of a good affects its price?

Business Week Newsclip

What's Raining on Solar's Parade?

Solar Power: Why Economics Matters, 7:12



Ch. 6 Sec. 2 Review

In-class assignment, with a partner, complete the graphic organizer to show how a change in demand and supply affects the price of a product.




Section 3 Social Goals and Market Efficiency

Prices work as a system to allocate resources between markets. However, if prices are fixed in one market, temporary shortages and surpluses tend to become permanent. A price ceiling, such as rent control, is one form of fixed price; a price floor, such as the minimum wage, is another example. Agriculture is especially hard-hit by price changes, because demand and supply tend to be inelastic, while weather often causes the supply curve to change. Therefore, to help farmers, the federal government established the Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC), an agency in the Department of Agriculture. The CCC then used a target price, which is essentially a price floor, to help stabilize farm prices. As a result, over the years, the government has established other forms of support for agriculture in the economy.

In-class assignment, with a partner, complete the cause-and-effect chart by explaining the effects of price ceilings and price floors.






Guide to Reading

Section Preview

Content Vocabulary
price ceiling

Price Floors and Price Ceilings, 5:59

In-class assignment: with a partner, answer the following:

What happens when the government interferes with the market mechanism by artificially imposing a "better" price?

What may interfere with the market?
How does the video define price floor?
Who is the price floor meant to protect?
What is the seller protected from?
What kinds of businesses would warrant such help?
Rather than impose an artificial price on the market resulting in all manner of other problems is there any way to manage the market to get the equilibrium price up to Pf?
Define price ceiling.
Who is a price ceiling meant to protect?
Would you rather pay a higher price for gas if you knew you could get it, or, would you rather pay a lower price for gas but take the chance none would be available?
Are there ways to make a lower price of gas available instead of imposing a government price?










minimum wage

Minimum Wage, 2:30

In-class assignment, with a partner, answer the following:

Before Congress, who testifies in favor of minimum wage?
Do labor unions generally work for minimum wage?
Why do labor unions favor a minimum wage?
Which groups are often harmed by the minimum wage?
Are small businesses harmed?


price floor
target price
nonrecourse loan
deficiency payment

Academic Vocabulary

Reading Strategy

Issues in the News

Minimum Wage Rise Hurts Students

Distorting Market Outcomes

Price Ceilings

Figure 6.4 Price Ceilings

Price Floors

Figure 6.5 Price Floors

Reading Check

Analyzing

What are the negative and positive aspects of price ceilings and price floors?

Agricultural Price Supports

Loan Supports

Deficiency Payments

Figure 6.6 Deficiency Payments

Conservation "Land Banks"

Reforming Price Supports

Continued Agricultural Support

Reading Check

Summarizing

What has been the effect of agricultural price supports?

When Markets Talk

Reading Check

Examining

Can you think of any other examples of markets "talking"? Explain

In-class assignment, with a partner, use the graphic organizer to illustrate how price floors affect quantity demanded and supplied.



Did You Know?

Profiles in Economics

Margaret (Meg) Whitman, eBay

Debates in Economics

Should College Athletes Be Paid?

Should College Athletes Get Paid?" 3:14
In-class assignment, with a partner, summarize the perspectives from players, a coach, and an administrator, about whether college athletes should get paid or not.




Ch. 4 Prep

Cf. http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078747643/student_view0/unit2/chapter4/

Multiple Choice Quiz

Cf. http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078747643/student_view0/unit2/chapter5/self-check_quizzes.html

Crossword Puzzle

Cf. http://www.glencoe.com/olc_games/game_engine/content/gln_ss/epp_08/ch05/index.html

Flashcard

Cf. http://www.glencoe.com/qe/efcsec.php?qi=15424

Ch. 5 Prep

Chapter 5 Supply Multiple Choice Quiz

Cf. http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078747643/student_view0/unit2/chapter5/self-check_quizzes.html

Chapter 5 Puzzle

Cf. http://www.glencoe.com/olc_games/game_engine/content/gln_ss/epp_08/ch05/index.html

Chapter 5 Supply Flashcards

Cf. http://www.glencoe.com/qe/efcsec.php?qi=15424

Ch. 6 Prep

Chapter 6: Prices and Decision Making
Multiple Choice Quiz

Cf. http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078747643/student_view0/unit2/chapter6/self-check_quizzes.html

ePuzzle Concentration

Cf. http://www.glencoe.com/olc_games/game_engine/content/gln_ss/epp_05/chapter06/index.html

Academic, Glossary, People/Places/Events

Cf. http://www.glencoe.com/qe/efcsec.php?qi=15429


Chapter 7 Preview


Cf. http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078747643/student_view0/unit2/chapter7/

1970 SS454 Chevelle, LS6 History, 4:17


1970 SS Chevelle TV Commercial Ad, 1:05


Email (or hand in hard copy) to gmsmith@shanahan.org.

Wednesday HW
1. p. 146, #5; p. 147, #1-2
Thursday HW
1. p. 154, #1, 3, 4
Friday HW
1. p. 161, #1